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  • Core Documentation
    • Overview
    • Whitepaper
      • Abstract
      • I. Introduction
      • II. Protocol
        • II.I Operation
          • II.I.I Generation of M
          • II.I.II Protocol Fees
          • II.I.III Cancel and Freeze
          • II.I.IV Retrieving Free Collateral
          • II.I.V The Earn Mechanism
          • II.I.VI Removing a Permissioned Actor
          • II.I.VII Example Interactions and Flows
        • II.II Governance Controlled Protocol Actors
        • II.III Governance Controlled Protocol Parameters
      • III. Governance
        • III.I Inputs
        • III.II Operation
          • III.II.I Epochs
          • III.II.II Proposals
            • III.II.II.I Standard Proposals
            • III.II.II.II POWER Threshold Proposals
            • III.II.II.III ZERO Threshold Proposals
            • III.II.II.IV Proposal Matrix
          • III.II.III Checkpoints and Voting
          • III.II.IV Proposing
          • III.II.V Inflation Mechanics
          • III.II.VI Dutch Auction
          • III.II.VII Delegation
          • III.II.VIII ZERO Claiming of Residual Value
        • III.III Governance Controlled TTG Parameters
        • III.IV Immutable TTG Parameters
        • III.V Immutable POWER Parameters
        • III.VI Immutable ZERO Parameters
      • IV. The M0 Economy
        • IV.I Minters
        • IV.II Validators
        • IV.III Earners
      • V. Off-Chain Ecosystem
        • V.I Guidance
        • V.II Off-Chain Actors and Components
    • Adopted Guidance
      • Adopted Guidance v1.30
        • 1. Description of the Adopted Guidance
          • 1.1. Purpose of the Adopted Guidance
          • 1.2. Change Process for the Adopted Guidance
        • 2. Ecosystem Description
          • 2.1. Actors
          • 2.2. Mandatory Contracts
          • 2.3. Duty of Transparency
          • 2.4. Core Operational Flows
            • 2.4.1. Update Collateral Process
            • 2.4.2. Minting M
            • 2.4.3. Retrieval of Collateral
          • 2.5. High-Risk Jurisdictions
        • 3. Eligible Collateral
          • 3.1. Criteria for Eligible Collateral
          • 3.2. Valuation Policy for Eligible Collateral
          • 3.3. Collateral Storage
          • 3.4. Approved Jurisdictions
            • 3.4.1. Bankruptcy Remoteness
            • 3.4.2. Non-Petition and Non-Seizure Provisions
            • 3.4.3. Priority of Payments and Subordination
            • 3.4.4. Regulatory Compliance
            • 3.4.5. Legal and Regulatory Framework
            • 3.4.6. Political Stability
            • 3.4.7. Dispute Resolution
            • 3.4.8. Asset Segregation
            • 3.4.9. Limited Recourse
            • 3.4.10. Investor Protection
            • 3.4.11. Operational Infrastructure
            • 3.4.12. Custody Relationship
            • 3.4.13. Audit
        • 4. SPV Operators
          • 4.1. Contact Information of Currently Approved SPV Operators
          • 4.2. Eligibility Criteria for Approved SPV Operators
          • 4.3. Obligations of SPV Operators
            • 4.3.1. Obligations in the Normal Course of Business
            • 4.3.2. Obligations Outside of the Normal Course of Business
              • 4.3.2.1. Amicable Wind Down Process
              • 4.3.2.2. Non-Amicable Wind Down Process
              • 4.3.2.3. Minter Insolvency
              • 4.3.2.4. Unauthorized Termination of Minter – SPV Operator Agreement
            • 4.3.3. Operational Obligations of SPV Operators
              • 4.3.3.1. Co-signature of the SPV for significant payments
              • 4.3.3.2. Cooperation with Validators
              • 4.3.3.3. Maintenance of Administrative Buffer
              • 4.3.3.4. No Wire Back Instructions
          • 4.4. Guidelines for Submission of Approval Requests
        • 5. Validators
          • 5.1. Contact Information of Currently Permissioned Validators
          • 5.2. Eligibility Criteria for Permissioned Validators
          • 5.3. Obligations of Validators
          • 5.4. Guidelines for Submission of Permissioning Requests
        • 6. BD Minters and Minters
          • 6.1. Contact Information of Currently Permissioned Minters
          • 6.2. Eligibility Criteria for Permissioned Minters
          • 6.3. Obligations of Minters
          • 6.4. BD Minter and Minter Compliance Requirements
          • 6.5. Guidelines for Submission of Permissioning Requests
        • Adopted Guidance PDF Version
      • Adopted Guidance v1.20 (deprecated)
        • Adopted Guidance PDF Version
    • Glossary
    • Disclosures
    • Whitepaper PDF Version
  • Technical Documentation
    • Protocol Technical Specification
      • Main Invariants
      • Variables
        • Protocol Variables Controlled by TTG
        • Protocol Variables And Definitions
        • Protocol Variables Used For Interest Accruals
      • Protocol And M Token Actors And Actions
        • Protocol Core Functions
          • Minter Gateway
            • updateCollateral
            • proposeMint
            • mintM
            • cancelMint
            • freezeMinter
            • burnM
            • proposeRetrieval
            • activateMinter
            • deactivateMinter
          • M Token
            • startEarning
            • stopEarning
            • transfer
          • Interest Calculations And Indices
            • MinterGateway.updateIndex
            • MinterGateway.currentIndex
            • MToken.updateIndex
            • MToken.currentIndex
            • activeOwedM
          • Interest Rate Models
            • Stable Earner Interest Rate Model Contract
            • Minter Interest Rate Model Contract
    • TTG Technical Specification
      • Main Invariants
      • Core Architecture
        • 1. Registrar
          • Registrar Variables and Getters
          • Registrar Core Functions
        • 2. TTG Governors
          • Matrix Of TTG Proposals
          • 2.1 Standard Governor
            • Variables And Getters
            • Governor Proposal State Transitions
            • Core Functions
            • Core Governance Proposals
          • 2.2 Emergency Governor
            • Emergency Governor Variables And Getters
            • Governor Proposal State Transitions
            • Core functions
              • propose(targets[], values[], callDatas[], description): proposalId
              • castVote(proposalId, support): weight
              • castVotes(proposalIds[], supports): weight
              • execute(targets[], values[], callDatas[], description): proposalId
              • setThresholdRatio(newThresholdRatio)
              • getProposal(proposalId)
              • state(proposalId)
            • Core Governance Proposals
          • 2.3 ZERO Governor
            • Variables And Getters
            • Core Functions
            • Core Governance Proposals
        • 3. POWER Token
          • Variables And Getters
          • POWER Token Core Functions
        • 4. ZERO Token
          • ZERO Token Core Functions
        • 5. Distribution Vault
          • Variables And Getters
          • Core Functions
    • Source Code Reference
      • Protocol
        • Protocol Contracts
          • Core Protocol Contracts
            • MToken
            • MinterGateway
          • Abstract Protocol Contracts
            • ContinuousIndexing
          • Protocol Interfaces
            • IContinuousIndexing
            • IMToken
            • IMinterGateway
            • IRateModel
            • ITTGRegistrar
          • Libs
            • ContinuousIndexingMath
            • TTGRegistrarReader
          • Rate Models
            • Contracts
              • EarnerRateModel
              • MinterRateModel
            • Interfaces
              • IEarnerRateModel
              • IMinterRateModel
      • TTG
        • TTG Contracts
          • Core TTG Contracts
            • DistributionVault
            • Registrar
            • Governors
              • EmergencyGovernor
              • StandardGovernor
              • ZeroGovernor
            • Tokens
              • PowerBootstrapToken
              • PowerToken
              • ZeroToken
          • Abstract TTG Contracts
            • ERC5805
            • Governors
              • BatchGovernor
              • ThresholdGovernor
            • Tokens
              • EpochBasedInflationaryVoteToken
              • EpochBasedVoteToken
            • Interfaces
              • IBatchGovernor
              • IERC5805
              • IERC6372
              • IEpochBasedInflationaryVoteToken
              • IEpochBasedVoteToken
              • IGovernor
              • IThresholdGovernor
          • Deployers
            • EmergencyGovernorDeployer
            • PowerTokenDeployer
            • StandardGovernorDeployer
          • TTG Interfaces
            • IDistributionVault
            • IRegistrar
            • Deployers
              • IDeployer
              • IEmergencyGovernorDeployer
              • IPowerTokenDeployer
              • IStandardGovernorDeployer
            • Governors
              • IEmergencyGovernor
              • IStandardGovernor
              • IZeroGovernor
            • Tokens
              • IPowerBootstrapToken
              • IPowerToken
              • IZeroToken
          • Libs
            • PureEpochs
      • Common
        • Contracts
          • Main
            • ContractHelper
            • ERC20Extended
            • ERC3009
            • ERC712Extended
            • StatefulERC712
          • Interfaces
            • IERC1271
            • IERC20
            • IERC20Extended
            • IERC3009
            • IERC712
            • IERC712Extended
            • IStatefulERC712
          • Libs
            • SignatureChecker
            • UIntMath
    • 🏁Audits
    • 🔛Deployments
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Copyright 2025 M0 Foundation

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  1. Core Documentation

Glossary

Glossary of main concepts across the M0 infrastructure.

Earner

A holders or distributor of $M whose address is approved by governance to earn the Earner Rate.

Earner Rate

The annualized percentage paid to $M in the Earn Mechanism.

Eligible Collateral

A description of portfolio composition which can be placed in Eligible Custody Solutions and be used to generate an on-chain Collateral Value, which is subsequently used in the generation of $M.

Eligible Custody Solution

A description of entity structures, jurisdictions, contractual agreements, and other details that will suffice for the custody of Eligible Collateral.

Mint Delay

A period of time between when a Minter has called Propose Mint and when they can first call Mint. It serves as a protective measure to ensure all actors have sufficient time to audit each Propose Mint.

Mint Ratio

The fraction size of a Minter’s on-chain Collateral Value that they can generate in $M.

Minter

An institution that connects to the protocol to generate and manage the supply of $M.

Minter Freeze Time

A period of time during which a Minter will be disabled to call Propose Mint and Mint methods. Can be called by any Validator on any Minter by passing the Minter address as the argument of the Freeze method. It can be called multiple times on the same Minter to reset the Minter Freeze Time window. If Freeze is called during an already existing Minter Freeze Time, the Minter Freeze Time window will restart from the beginning.

Minter Rate

The annualized percentage charged continuously to Minters on their Owed $M. It is alterable with a Standard Proposal.

Penalty Rate

The percentage charged for missing Update Collateral interval(s) or being undercollateralized on Owed $M that is in excess of the amount a Minter is permitted to have generated. It is assessed any time Accrue Penalty is called, which is embedded in both Update Collateral and Burn. It is alterable with a Standard Proposal. This is a fixed percentage and not an annualized rate.

Periphery Contract

A smart contract that adds supplement functionality, but exists outside of the core M0 protocol.

POWER

One of the two utility tokens used in the M0 TTG. It is used to vote on active proposals and can be considered the primary management token of the mechanism. POWER holders will earn ZERO in exchange for their direct participation in governance.

Propose Mint Time To Live

The amount of time after the Mint Delay during which a Minter can mint $M before Propose Mint expires. It serves as a protective measure to ensure that Minters cannot call Propose Mint and then execute the Mint at a much later date.

TTG

TTG stands for Two Token Governor and is a mechanism by which holders of the voting tokens are penalized for failing to vote. There are two utility tokens used in the M0 TTG: POWER and ZERO.

Update Collateral Interval

This amount of time is the period between which Update Collateral must be called by a Minter. If they do not call Update Collateral within this amount of time after their previous call, their on-chain Collateral Value is set to 0 and they will incur Penalty Rate on the next update. It is alterable with a Standard Proposal.

Validator

An independent entity that provides timely information about the off-chain collateral being used to generate $M.

ZERO

One of the two utility tokens used in the M0 TTG, is earned by POWER holders in exchange for their direct participation in governance. The ZERO holders are the recipient of all remaining $M that is not paid out to the Earn Mechanism for their participation in protocol governance. The anticipated accumulation of tokens to the ZERO holders are Proposal Fee payments from proposal submission, the payments from POWER token auctions, and a portion of Minter Rate and Penalty Rate charges to Minters.

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Last updated 1 month ago